23 September 2023
: Case report 
Vasovagal Pre-Syncope Induced by Epidural Electrical Stimulation Test: A Rare Case Report in a 61-Year-Old Woman Undergoing Ventral Hernia Repair
Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment
Marina A. Tumino1ABCDEFG, Marc B. Royo
1ABCDEFG*, Sanjib D. Adhikary1ABCDEFG
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.941004
Am J Case Rep 2023; 24:e941004
Figure 2. Epidural catheter connected to Johan adapter with attached nerve stimulator cathode and sterile syringe filled with normal saline.