Figure 3 CARS led to secondary sepsis due to low immune status. After compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) activation, the body switched to the state of immune suppression and exhaustion, which significantly impairs the ability to respond to external threats and maintain optimal functionality. The use of glucocorticoids, which are powerful anti-inflammatory agents, along with broad-spectrum antibiotics during the course of the disease can inadvertently lead to secondary bacterial and fungal infections, complicating the overall health status. Therefore, the primary focus of treatment during this critical period is not only on the prevention and rapid control of these infections but also on the careful and strategic bidirectional regulation of immune inflammation, ensuring that the immune system can recover and regain its balance while effectively combating any potential pathogens that may arise.