09 December 2025
: Case report 
Behçet Disease and Cognitive Impairment: A Case Study of an Overlooked Symptom
Unknown etiology, Unusual clinical course, Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual setting of medical care, Rare disease, Clinical situation which can not be reproduced for ethical reasons, Rare coexistence of disease or pathology
Caroline Evanthe Nathania
ABCDEF 1, Astuti Prodjohardjono ACDEF 2,3, Noor Alia Susianti ABCDEF 2*, Abdul Gofir DEF 2,3, Cempaka Thursina Srie Setyaningrum DEF 2,3, Kamala Kan Nur Azza EF 4,5, Ahmad Asmedi F 2,3, Sri Sutarni F 2,3
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.949699
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e949699
Figure 1 Histopathological evaluation of an oral ulcer lesion from a patient with Behçet’s Disease (BD), stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), revealing the characteristic features of mucocutaneous inflammation. At low magnification (40×, A), a mild, patchy lymphocytic infiltrate is evident within the dermis (yellow arrows). Examination at medium magnification (100×, B) demonstrates basket-weave orthokeratosis of the epidermis (red arrows), a subepidermal cleft devoid of cellular components (blue arrows), and dense lymphocytic infiltrate localized at the base of the cleft (orange arrows). High-power magnification (400×, C) shows a melanin pigment incontinence, indicated by the pigment dropping into the dermis (black arrows), accompanied by mild spongiosis (white arrows), basal cell vacuolization (green arrow), and subepidermal cleft (blue arrow). These histological findings collectively support an active inflammatory process consistent with Behçet’s Disease pathology.