28 November 2025
: Case report 
Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery in a 55-Year-Old Woman with Recurrent Dizziness, Identified on Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Imaging
Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease
Weiwei Zhang EFG 1, Zhenli Huang EFG 1, Liya Wei BF 1, Yanrong Sun ACD 1*, Fei Sang ACD 2DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.950244
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e950244
Figure 3 Head and neck computed tomography angiography confirming left-sided Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery (PPHA). (A) Volume-rendered reconstruction showing the PPHA (white arrow) connecting the dilated C1 segment of the left internal carotid artery (red arrow) to the basilar artery (yellow arrow). (B) Axial view at the skull base level depicting the anomalous PPHA (white arrow) traversing the hypoglossal canal. (C) Volume-rendered reconstruction with absence of the bilateral posterior communicating arteries (white arrow), collectively confirming the diagnosis of left-sided PPHA.