Cocaine–Levamisole-Associated Vasculopathy Mimicking ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Presenting With Pulmonary–Renal Syndrome Requiring VV-ECMO Support

Zahra Vaezi; Afshin Amini

doi:10.12659/AJCR.951159

17 April 2026 : Case report USA

Cocaine–Levamisole-Associated Vasculopathy Mimicking ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Presenting With Pulmonary–Renal Syndrome Requiring VV-ECMO Support

Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual setting of medical care, Rare disease

Zahra Vaezi

^{ABCDEFG 1*}, Afshin Amini^{ABCDEFG 1}

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.951159

Am J Case Rep 2026; 27:e951159

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Figure 1 CT pulmonary angiography at initial presentation. Arrows show diffuse pan-lobar ground-glass and consolidative opacities without evidence of pulmonary embolism. The extensive bilateral airspace disease is consistent with early diffuse alveolar injury and correlates with the patient’s initial hemoptysis and hypoxemia.

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Cocaine–Levamisole-Associated Vasculopathy Mimicking ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Presenting With Pulmonary–Renal Syndrome Requiring VV-ECMO Support

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