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17 May 2013 : Case report  China (mainland)

Acute mono-megakaryoblastic leukemia associated with extreme thrombocytosis and complex karyotype abnormalities

Challenging differential diagnosis, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis), Rare coexistence of disease or pathology

Rong HuAE, Jia LiB, Yanping HuCD, Jihong ZhangCD, Miao MiaoE, Ke ZhuF, Aijun LiaoAE, Wei YangD, Zhuogang LiuAEF

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.889043

Am J Case Rep 2013; 14:157-160

Abstract

Background: Thrombocytosis is usually seen in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and seldom in acute myeloid leukemias (AML). In acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, platelet counts might exceed 1000×109/L in approximately 30% of patients, while others are frequently presented by cytopenias. To our best knowledge there is no report in the literature on acute mono-megakaryoblastic leukemia, especially with extreme thrombocytosis and complex karyotype abnormalities.
Case Report: We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with acute mono-megakaryoblastic leukemia with extreme thrombocytosis (greater than 2000×109/L) and complex karyotype abnormalities. The patient was first treated with anti-aggregate therapy and later the patient was put on a regimen consisting of idarubicin 10 mg/m2 daily for 3 days and 200 mg Cytosar daily for 7 days. However, a severe pancytopenia occurred at the first day after chemotherapy and the patient died from intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusions: Extreme thrombocytosis and complex karyotype abnormalities in acute mono-megakaryoblastic leukemia are associated with poor outcome.

Keywords: karyotype abnormalities, Thrombocytosis, acute leukemia

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923