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05 November 2014 : Original article  

Azathioprine is More Effective than Mesalazine at Preventing Recurrent Bowel Obstruction in Patients with Ileocecal Crohn’s Disease

Fernando Mendonça VidigalABDEF, Gláucio Silva de SouzaABDE, Liliana Andrade ChebliADF, Tarsila Campanha da Rocha RibeiroBEF, Maria Cristina Vasconcellos FurtadoBEF, Antonio Carlos Santana CastroBDE, André Luis Tavares PintoBDEF, Bruno do Valle PinheiroADE, Fabio Heleno de Lima PaceABE, Juliano Machado de OliveiraBEF, Karine Andrade de Oliveira ZaniniBF, Pedro Duarte GaburriABD, Alexandre ZaniniCDE, Luiz Cláudio RibeiroCDE, Julio Maria Fonseca ChebliABDEG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.890975

Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2165-2170

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with subocclusive Crohn’s disease (CD) who received azathioprine (AZA) therapy had lower re-hospitalization rates due to all causes and for surgical management of CD compared to those treated with mesalazine during a 3-year period. We investigated whether AZA also was effective for prevention of recurrent bowel obstruction.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rates of recurrent bowel occlusion were compared between patients treated with AZA and those treated with mesalazine. We assessed the time interval-off intestinal obstruction as well as the occlusion-free survival for both groups.

RESULTS: There was a significantly lower cumulative rate of patients with recurrent subocclusion in the AZA group (56%) compared with the mesalazine group (79%; OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.67–8.6; P=0.003), with the number needed to treat in order to prevent 1 subocclusion episode of 3.7 favoring AZA. The occlusion-free time interval was longer in the AZA group compared with the mesalazine group (28.8 vs. 18.3 months; P=0.000). The occlusion-free survival at 12, 24, and 36 months was significantly higher in the AZA group (91%, 81%, and 72%, respectively) than in the mesalazine group (64.7%, 35.3%, and 23.5%, respectively; P<0.05 for all comparisons).

CONCLUSIONS: In an exploratory analysis of patients with subocclusive ileocecal CD, maintenance therapy with AZA is more effective than mesalazine for eliminating or postponing recurrent intestinal obstruction during 3 years of therapy

Keywords: Azathioprine - therapeutic use, Crohn Disease - prevention & control, Demography, Ileocecal Valve - radiation effects, Intestinal Obstruction - prevention & control, Mesalamine - therapeutic use, Recurrence, Smoking - adverse effects, young adult

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750