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04 June 2015 : Case report  Japan

A Patient with Urinary Tract Tuberculosis During Treatment with Etanercept

Unusual clinical course, Mistake in diagnosis, Diagnostic / therapeutic accidents, Unexpected drug reaction, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)

Shiho ShibataABCDEF, Eisuke ShonoBD, Emi NishimagiE, Ken YamauraE

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.893416

Am J Case Rep 2015; 16:341-346

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors are widely used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there are several risks to use TNFα inhibitors. Given the properties of TNF-α inhibitors, prevention and early detection of tuberculosis (TB) are especially important. Even among TNF-α inhibitors, the risk of TB infection differs according to each drug. The incidence of TB is lowest with etanercept (ETN). We present a case of urinary tract TB during treatment with ETN.

CASE REPORT: A 58-year-old woman was receiving ETN for RA. Before starting ETN, isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis was started. RA was well controlled by ETN. However, 32 months after starting ETN, she noticed urinary frequency and a sensation of residual urine. The diagnosis was elusive, and it took 3 months until urinary tract TB was finally diagnosed. The TB resolved with antituberculosis medication, but RA disease activity flared up after ETN was discontinued. ETN was resumed with careful monitoring for TB recurrence. After resuming ETN, the RA was again well controlled, with no recurrence of TB.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients should be monitored for development of TB during ETN treatment, but ETN can be used safely with careful management.

Keywords: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use, Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use, Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy, Etanercept - therapeutic use, Follow-Up Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tuberculosis, Urogenital - drug therapy

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923