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24 August 2017 : Case report  Japan

Spontaneously Ruptured Paraovarian Tumor of Borderline Malignancy with Extremely Elevated Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA125) Levels: A Comparison of the Imaging and Pathological Features

Challenging differential diagnosis, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis), Rare coexistence of disease or pathology

Akiko Kajiyama1ABCDEFG*, Hiromi Edo1ABCDEF, Chiaki Takeya2B, Kaneyuki Kubushiro2B, Toshiaki Oharaseki3BC, Tatsuya Gomi1AEFG

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.904462

Am J Case Rep 2017; 18:919-925

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Paraovarian cysts are common and are generally benign; however, they are frequently misdiagnosed as being of ovarian origin. Conversely, paraovarian tumors of borderline malignancy are extremely rare. Especially, no cases of spontaneous rupture have been reported, and all previous reports had normal serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 level. As for imaging findings, the presence of papillary projections in the lumen of paraovarian tumors does not always indicate malignancy or benignancy, which makes the preoperative distinction difficult.

CASE REPORT: We report a case involving a 22-year-old Asian woman with a spontaneously ruptured paraovarian tumor of borderline malignancy. The serum CA125 concentration was extremely elevated, at 28,831 U/mL. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a collapsed unilocular cystic lesion with multiple papillary projections. On MRI, the papillary projections showed two different patterns, which corresponded to the pathological findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Ruptured paraovarian tumors of borderline malignancy may show extremely high serum CA125 values. Furthermore, specific MRI findings may be useful in evaluating the malignancy of paraovarian tumors.

Keywords: CA-125 Antigen, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Parovarian Cyst, Rupture, Spontaneous

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923