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11 May 2018 : Case report  China (mainland)

Extreme Right Axis Deviation in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Hazardous Signal of Poor Prognosis

Challenging differential diagnosis, Management of emergency care, Patient complains / malpractice

Qingyu Wang12EF, Shuo Pan1D, Fuqiang Liu1B, Dan Yang12F, Jun-kui Wang1G*

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.908486

Am J Case Rep 2018; 19:553-556

Abstract

BACKGROUND: New-onset extreme right axis deviation and right bundle branch block (RBBB) are rare during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and has only been reported in several cases reflecting the severity of AMI. It could predict severe clinical complications and higher risks in coronary artery disease. Although there is little electrophysiological explanation, the complications are severe. They should be emphasized in newly diagnosed extreme right axis deviation and RBBB in AMI.

CASE REPORT: A 72-year-old male was admitted to our department with a chief complaint of intermittent retrosternal chest pain and was diagnosed with extensive anterior myocardial infarction with RBBB, by elevated myocardial enzymes and ECG. The main wave direction of QRS in lead aVR was positive and showed an extreme right axis deviation. After a month, the patient’s chest distress and the RBBB vanished, but a right axis deviation still existed. The echocardiogram showed prior extensive anterior myocardial infarction (including apex myocardia) and lower LVEF.

CONCLUSIONS: New diagnosed RBBB and right axis deviation is uncommon and could be a useful clue to evaluate myocardial ischemia in AMI cases. This electrocardiographic marker can identify coronary artery occlusion where ST-segments are hard to evaluate, and hence, patients may benefit most from early and complete revascularization strategies such as primary angioplasty.

Keywords: Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction, Axis, Bundle-Branch Block

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923