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30 March 2019 : Case report  Mexico

Angiocentric Centrofacial Lymphoma as a Challenging Diagnosis in an Elderly Man

Unusual clinical course, Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)

Gabriela Vázquez-Armenta1A, María Fernanda Gómez-Garnica1AEF, Martha Ivón Mondragón-Cervantes1AEF, Luis Renee González-Lucano1AE*

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.913856

Am J Case Rep 2019; 20:412-418

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Angiocentric centrofacial lymphomas, now known as nasal-type extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphomas, are neoplasms of highly destructive characteristics that mainly affect the nasal cavity and palate. The most frequent clinical presentation includes fever, weight loss, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, nasal or facial edema, as well as necrotic ulcers in the nasal cavity, gums, and palate. It has been found to have an important association with the Epstein-Barr virus. Diagnostic pathology could be difficult due to the typical widespread tissue necrosis.

CASE REPORT: A 72-year-old Caucasian male sought medical attention with a chief complaint of nasal obstruction for the past 3 years, which only responded partially to unspecific treatment. He also presented with intermittent fever and nocturnal hyperhidrosis. Physical examination with rhinoscopy demonstrated a deviated septum, congestive turbines, and fragile and pale mucous membrane with yellowish, thick mucus. The pathology report described an angiocentric centrofacial lymphoma and a positive serology for Epstein-Barr virus.

CONCLUSIONS: The objective of this case report was to show that this illness represents a diagnostic challenge for the treating physician. It may be concluded that despite the poor prognosis of the disease, this particular case showed slower evolution and the patient remained stable despite multiple consecutive complications.

Keywords: Herpesvirus 4, Human, Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell, Nasal Obstruction, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Fever, hyperhidrosis, Nose Neoplasms

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923