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24 March 2019 : Case report  USA

Forme Fruste in Recurring Mid-Ventricular Variant of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Unusual clinical course

Paramarajan Piranavan1AEF*, Nirmal Kaur2E, Neeta Shah2E, Joseph Hannan1E

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.915006

Am J Case Rep 2019; 20:385-389

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is characterized as acute left ventricular dysfunction precipitated by intense emotional or physiological stress. The mid-ventricular variant of TC usually has akinesis, with or without ballooning of the mid-ventricular segment, and a hyperdynamic base and apex. Recurrence of the typical and atypical (reversed and mid-ventricular type) forms has been reported in only a very small number of cases. We report a forme fruste presentation of mid-ventricular variant of TC.

CASE REPORT: A 69-year-old woman with a prior history of stress-induced cardiomyopathy presented with complaint of moderate intensity, persistent, sub-sternal chest discomfort. She reported that her symptoms were similar to those she had during a previous hospitalization in 2015, and this time cited the death of her mother as an inciting stressor. No significant obstructive flow-limiting coronary artery disease was found on cardiac catheterization. However, the left ventriculogram was suggestive of mid-ventricular pattern of TC. Her first symptomatic episode of apparent TC did not reveal completion of the mid-ventricular pattern of the TC variant. The subsequent episode, during this hospitalization, manifested as a completed version of her initial apparent forme fruste of mid-ventricular variant of TC.

CONCLUSIONS: TC may present in a myriad of clinical forms that must be considered in the evaluation of patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes or cardiomyopathy. Treatment is mainly supportive, and recurrence rates range from 7.7% to 11.4%. To the best of our knowledge, this forme fruste presentation has not been previously reported in recurrent variants of TC.

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, Echocardiography, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, Electrocardiography, Recurrence

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923