BACKGROUND: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), is a vascular tumor characterized by the proliferation of endothelial cells with papillary formations. It is a rare benign disease; therefore, it is important to exclude malignant vascular neoplasm in order to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate overtreatment.

CASE REPORT: Herein, we describe the case of a 51-year-old male who reported changes in his voice, and who was preoperatively diagnosed with vocal cord polyp and hemorrhagic change based on laryngoscopy. He underwent laryngomicrosurgery and the lesion was completely excised via the microflap surgical method. Histopathology analysis was consistent with IPEH.

CONCLUSIONS: Herein, we report an extremely rare case of IPEH arising from the true vocal cord, and we provide a brief review of the relevant literature and a detailed discussion of this rare clinical entity.

Keywords: endothelial cells, Laryngeal Diseases, Vocal Cords, Diagnosis, Differential, Hyperplasia, Polyps, Vascular Neoplasms