Abstract

BACKGROUND: Epinephrine for anaphylactic shock is the standard life-saving treatment in the emergency department. Cardiac symptoms after epinephrine administration in a child with no prior cardiac history are often not suspected. We describe a presentation of diastolic cardiac dysfunction after anaphylaxis from a bee sting in an adolescent male.

CASE REPORT: A 16-year-old male with no prior history of allergy presented with anaphylaxis following a bee sting. The patient received an inadvertent intravenous rather than intramuscular dose of 1: 1000 epinephrine, leading to myocardial ischemia. Diastolic dysfunction resulting from myocardial ischemia and fluid resuscitation led to development of pulmonary edema. The patient required epinephrine drip for hemodynamic support and BiPAP for respiratory support.

CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the risk of giving a rapid intravenous push of epinephrine, which converted an anaphylactic reaction to cardiogenic shock. Anaphylaxis-related coronary ischemia (Kounis) syndrome is another less likely etiology for our patient’s presentation.

Keywords: Anaphylaxis, Emergencies, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Adolescent, Bees, Electrocardiography, Epinephrine, Injections, Intravenous, Insect Bites and Stings, Myocardial Ischemia, Pulmonary Edema, Shock, Cardiogenic, Vasoconstrictor Agents