18 August 2021
: Case report
A 2-Year-Old Boy Who Developed an Aortoesophageal Fistula After Swallowing a Button Battery, Managed Using a Novel Procedure with Vascular Plug Device as a Bridge to Definitive Surgical Repair
Management of emergency care, Rare disease, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)
Khalid M. Alreheili1BCDEF*, Mansour Almutairi2EF, Ali Alsaadi3EF, Ghousia Ahmed4F, Abdulrahman Alhejili4F, Taha AlKhatrawi5BFDOI: 10.12659/AJCR.931013
Am J Case Rep 2021; 22:e931013
Table 2. High index of suspicion criteria for diagnosis AEF.
Major criteria | Minor criteria | Negative criteria |
---|---|---|
A. sentinel bleeding event | 1 – Child age less than 4 years | Absence of portal HTN |
B. Massive bright red blood with hypovolemic shock | 2 – History dysphagia, food refusal, or recurrent food impaction | Absence of known esophageal Varices |
3 – Suspicion of FB ingestion | ||
4 – Recurrent ER visit in last 4 weeks. | ||
5 – Known vascular ring | ||
6 – Hx of button battery removal endoscopically or passed spontaneously in last 4 weeks | ||
7 – Prolong NGT tube especially in presence of anatomical abnormalities, eg, vascular ring or repaired TEF | ||
1 – FB in chest or abdominal Radiograph | ||
2 – Stomach massive. distension in radiograph | ||
3 – Rib notching in chest radiograph | ||
4 – Widening of the mediastinum, displacement of the trachea to the right, displacement of a nasogastric tube to the right | ||
5 – Endoscopic finding of active bleeding, ulcer, or any other odd lesion in mid-esophagus | ||
FB – foreign body; ER – Emergency Room. {2 Major+1 minor, Major B+1 minor A or 1 minor B, Major A+2 minor A or 1 minor A and 1 minor B} PLUS {Negative Criteria}. |