16 April 2024
: Case report 
Nivolumab-Induced Cytokine Release Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Unusual clinical course, Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment, Diagnostic / therapeutic accidents, Adverse events of drug therapy, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)
Francis Ntwali1ABCDEF*, Quentin Gilliaux2A, Patrick M. Honoré1ADOI: 10.12659/AJCR.941835
Am J Case Rep 2024; 25:e941835
Table 2. Case reports on nivolumab-induced cytokine release syndrome.
| Age | Sex | Cancer type | Pre-existing disease | Number of Nivolumab cycles | Concomitant Treatment | Days Between the First Dose and Fever Onset | CRS Stage | Treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 []20 | 72 | Male | Colon, liver metastasis | / | 4 | 5-FU, oxaliplatin, CV301 vaccine | 44 | 4 | Hydrocortisone 300 mg/j | |
| Case 2 []21 | 70 | Male | Renal carcinoma, T4N1M1 | / | 2 | Ipilimumab | 5 | 4 | Methylprednisolone, MMF, plasmapherese | |
| Case 3 []22 | 28 | Female | Hodgkin lymphoma, stage 4 | / | 1 | Stem cell transplantation | 31 | 2 | Methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/12 h, ascorbic acid 20 mg/kg/6 h | |
| Case 4 []23 | 29 | Female | Alveolar soft part sarcoma, multiple metastasis | / | 2 | / | 4 | 2 | Hydrocortisone (stress dose), tocilizumab | |
| Case 5 []24 | 70 | Female | Lung adenocazcinoma, T3N0M0 | COVID co-infecion | 2 | Ipilimumab, pemetrexed, carboplatin | 4 | 5 | Corticosteroids high dose | |
| Case 6 []25 | 44 | Female | Lung adenocarcinoma, T3N3M0 | / | 5 | 17 | 5 | Dexamethasone, Tocilizumab | ||
| Case 7 []26 | 52 | Female | Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung, T4N2M0 | / | 4 | / | 13 | 4 | Methylprednisolone 1000 mg/j, prednisolone 50 mg/j, MMF | |
| Case 8 []27 | 64 | Female | Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung, T2N0M1 | / | / | Ipilimumab | / | 4 | Methylprednisolone (pulse), tocilizumab, infliximab | |
| Case 9 []28 | 58 | Female | Melanoma, stage 4 | / | 1 | Ipilimumab | 6 | 4 | Methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg, tocilizumab, and Etanercept | |
| Case 10 []29 | 55 | Male | Non-small cell lung cancer, stage 4 | COVID vaccine the day before | / | Ipilimumab | 10 | 1 | Steroid pulse | |
| Case 11 []30 | 43 | Male | Gastric adenocarcinoma liver metastasis | / | 1 | / | 8 | 1 | Prednisolone 1 mg/kg, methylprednisolone 1000 mg | |
| Case 12 []31 | 25 | Male | Hodgkin lymphoma | / | 1 | / | 6 | 2 | / | |
| ICI – immune checkpoint inhibitors; CRS – cytokine release syndrome; LH – Hodgkin lymphoma; 5-FU – 5-fluorouracil; CV301 – cancer vaccine 301; MMF – mycophenolate mofetil; TNF – tumor necrosis factor. | ||||||||||