13 March 2024
: Case report 
A 65-Year-Old Man with Refractory Hemoptysis Associated with Chronic Progressive Pulmonary Aspergillosis Who Failed to Respond to Combined Endobronchial Occlusion and Bronchial Artery Embolization: A Case Report and Literature Review
Management of emergency care
Ryotaro Yoneoka1ABCDEF, Kenichiro Takeda2ABCDEF, Hajime Kasai
234ADEF, Toshihiko Sugiura2AD, Kohei Shikano2ABCE, Mitsuhiro Abe2AE, Takuji Suzuki2DE
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.942422
Am J Case Rep 2024; 25:e942422
Table 1. Characteristics of the 34 cases of hemoptysis treated with combined endobronchial occlusion and endobronchial Watanabe spigot.
| 30–39 | 2 (6) |
| 40–49 | 1 (3) |
| 50–59 | 3 (9) |
| 60–69 | 11 (32) |
| 70–79 | 9 (26) |
| 80–89 | 8 (24) |
| Male | 21 (62) |
| Female | 13 (38) |
| Primary lung cancer | 8 (24) |
| Aspergillus | 6 (18) |
| Non-tuberculousmycobacterial infection | 4 (12) |
| Bronchiectasis | 3 (9) |
| Others | 13 (39) |
| EBO alone | 9 (26) |
| EBO+combination treatment | |
| EBO+BAE | 21 (62) |
| EBO+BAE+surgery | 3 (9) |
| EBO+surgery | 1 (3) |
| Hemostatic success by EWS alone | 9 (26) |
| Successful hemostasis with the addition of other treatments | 19 (56) |
| Failure of hemostasis | 6 (18) |
| Survival | 31 (91) |
| Death (including cases other than hemostatic failure) | 3 (9) |
| Infections | 2 (6) |
| None | 32 (94) |
| BAE – bronchial artery embolization; EBO – endobronchial occlusion; EWS – endobronchial Watanabe spigot. | |