06 February 2025
: Case report 
Button Battery Ingestion in a Neonate: Risk, Management, and Implications
Unusual clinical course, Management of emergency care
Sulafa Sindi
ABCDEFG 1, Samah Al-Harbi ABDEFG 1,2*
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.944479
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e944479
Table 1. Zargar grading system for classification of esophageal injuries due to button battery impaction. This table outlines the Zargar grading system used to classify the severity of esophageal injuries resulting from button battery impaction. Each grade represents a progression in the severity of mucosal damage, ranging from normal findings to extensive necrosis.
| Grading | Descriptions |
|---|---|
| 0 | Normal findings on endoscopy |
| 1 | Mucosal edema and hyperemia |
| 2a | Friable mucosa, hemorrhages, erosions, blisters, whitish membranes, and superficial ulcerations |
| 2b | Grade 2a findings + deep/circumferential ulcerations |
| 3a | Small scattered multiple ulcerations and areas of necrosis |
| 3b | Extensive necrosis |