25 October 2025
: Case report 
Intraosseous Cellular Schwannoma in the Infraorbital Region: A Rare Case
Unusual clinical course, Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual setting of medical care, Rare disease
Edmundo Luis Rodrigues Pereira
BCD 1, Rebeca Viera Costa ABCDEFG 2, Jeovanna Brito de Moraes ACEF 3, Alessandra Arnaud Moreira ABD 2, Thayna Silva do Carmo Tavares ACE 2, Fabricio Passador-Santos BCD 4, Lucas Rodrigues Pinheiro CDE 5, Sérgio de Melo Alves Júnior ACDEF 2, João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro ACDEG 2*
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.947024
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e947024
Table 1 The clinicopathological characteristics of 19 cases of infraorbital schwannoma.
| Author/year | Sex/age | Symptoms | Treatment | *Size (cm) | Findings | IHC | Localization | Outcome | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tezer, 2006 []4 | F/16 | Color change and tenderness in inferior eyelid for 6 months | Subciliary incision | 8.0 | Smooth borders, brownish-white mass | – | Left infraorbital region | Survive | 12 months |
| Mercado, 2007 []3 | F/33 | Pain in the left hemifacial region lasting for 4 months | Complete excision of the lesion, Sublabial approach | 2.0 | Pale white coloration | – | Left infraorbital foramen | Survive | 3 months |
| Yoon, 2007 []12 | M/13 | Palpable small lump on the left paranasal area | Left gingivobuccal incision and dissection carried superiorly along the maxillary periosteum | 2.5 | Well-encapsulated mass, yellow-gray color | S-100 (+) | Left maxillary area | Survive | 6 months |
| Garg, 2008 []16 | F/35 | Asymptomatic | Orbitotomy | 2.5 | Solid, smooth, well-encapsulated mass | – | Right infraorbital region | Survive | – |
| Karkas, 2008 []10 | M/14 | Headache and right nasal obstruction for 1.5 months | Weber-Fergusson incision, subciliary incision, osteoplastic maxillotomy, zygomatic osteotomy | 5.95 | Solid, encapsulated mass | – | Posterior half of the right nasal fossa and maxillary sinus, pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal fossa, infraorbital region | Survive | 7 months |
| Sasindran, 2008 []21 | M/22 | Nasal obstruction for 6 months, reduced vision, diplopia, facial numbness | Weber-Fergusson incision, partial maxillectomy | – | Well-defined lobulated soft tissue mass | S-100 (+) | Right pterygopalatine fossa, infraorbital region | Survive | – |
| Clarençon, 2009 []17 | F/45 | Recent spontaneous suborbital mass | Excision with sacrifice of the infraorbital nerve | – | Well-circumscribed, encapsulated, pink mass | S-100 (+) | Left infraorbital canal | Survive | – |
| Kok, 2013 []18 | M/12 | Rapidly growing cheek mass | Excision biopsy | 3.0 | Fibrous pseudocapsule | S-100 (+) | Right infraorbital region | Survive | 2 years |
| Mora-Ríos, 2014 []19 | M/32 | Painless tumor in the left lacrimal sac region, with a four-year evolution | A subdermal approach was used to perform an excisional biopsy | 1.9 | Well-defined tumor, rubbery consistency | – | Left infraorbital region | Survive | – |
| Naina, 2014 []13 | M/23 | Painless swelling in the cheek | Completely excised | 5.0 | Circumscribed, solid and cystic mass | S-100 (+) | Right maxillary sinus | Survive | 3 years |
| Champagne, 2014 []22 | M/48 | Paresthesia in the cheek and difficulty chewing on the right side | Right endoscopic maxillary meatotomy, with extension to the pterygomaxillary fossa | 6.0 | Mucoid texture, well-circumscribed borders | – | Pterygopalatine fossa | Survive | 2 months |
| Nilesh, 2015 []5 | M/40 | Painless swelling on the left side of the face for 1 year, with mild paresthesia in the cheek area | Surgical removal, linear incision following the nasolabial fold, infraorbital nerve preserved | 4.0 | Well-encapsulated mass | – | Left maxillary area | Survive | – |
| Choi, 2018 []2 | M/45 | Palpable mass in the right cheek area noticed for 3–4 years | Resection through a subciliary approach | 2.3 | Well-circumscribed mass, fibrous pseudocapsule | S-100 (+) | Right maxillary area | Survive | 2 years |
| Pirimoglu, 2018 []9 | F/18 | Painless swelling over left side of face | Surgical excision | – | Well-defined mass | – | Left infraorbital region | Survive | – |
| Fiaschi, 2021 []20 | M/76 | Two years of intermittent diplopia and stabbing, electric shock-like pain in the right orbital-maxillary region | Surgical resection via inferior infrapalpebral approach | 1.5 | Intraorbital mass | – | Right infraorbital region | Survive | – |
| Reyna-Rodríguez, 2021 []1 | M/40 | Asymptomatic papule located on right cheek, since childhood | Excisional biopsy | 0.6 | Well-defined encapsulated mass | S-100 (+), GFAP (+) | Right maxillary area | Survive | – |
| Righini, 2021 []14 | M/59 | 6-month history of diplopia of the right eye | Extended paralateral approach with an infraorbital incision through the orbicularis oculi muscle | 4.0 | Well-encapsulated mass, with a cystic component | – | Right orbit and maxillary sinus | Survive | 1 year |
| Shafie, 2022 []11 | M/58 | Painless mass in the left infraorbital region | Transconjunctival approaching to infraorbital region and dissection | 2.0 | Smooth well-encapsulated solid mass | – | Left infraorbital region | Survive | 2 years |
| Ayushree, 2023 []15 | M/13 | Progressively increasing non-tender swelling of the nose extending to the left cheek | Rethi-Meyer’s incision with lateral extension to the frenulum, dissection sacrificing the infraorbital nerve | 12.0 | Well-encapsulated, homogenous consistency, pale yellow color | S-100 (+) | Maxillary area, nasal dorsum, extending more to the left side | Survive | 1 year |
| * The measurements in millimeters were converted to centimeters. F – Female; GFAP – glial fibrillary acidic protein; IHC – immunohistochemistry; M – Male. | |||||||||