20 April 2025
: Case report 
Epinephrine as a Therapeutic Agent for Hyperferritinemia in Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension
Unusual clinical course, Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment, Unexpected drug reaction, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)
Ashraf M. El-Molla
1ABDEF*, Fawzia Aboul Fetouh 2ADEF, Samir Bawazir 3EF, Yehya A. Alwahby 4AEF, Yasser A. Ali 5EF, Abdullah A. Basseet 4BEF, Ahmed Hassan Albanna 6EF
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.947289
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e947289
Table 1. Laboratory investigations and blood pressure.
| Item | Date | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 2021 | November 2023 Just before epi at beginning of 1st week | November 2023 Epi beginning of 2nd week | November 2023 Epi 3rd week | November 2023 Epi 4th week | |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | N/A | 1370 | 1191 | 960 | 731 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 451 | 322 | 232 | 161 | 105 |
| HbA1c% | 13.6 | 10.1 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| HOMA-IR (Unit) | N/A | 9.2 | 7.1 | 4.1 | 3.2 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 16.6 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 14.7 | 15.9 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 161 | 155 | 141 | 132 | 121 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 105 | 101 | 89 | 91 | 78 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml): (28–300 ng/ml), FPG: Fasting Plasma glucose (mg/dl): (70–125 mg/dL), HbA1c (%) HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c: 2.5], Hb (g/dl): 14–17g/dl, SBP (mmHg): Systolic blood pressure: | |||||
| Item | December 2023 Epi 5th week | December 2023 Epi (last dose) 6th week | February 2024 No Epi | May 2024 No Epi | August 2024 No Epi |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 443 | 221 | 225 | 210 | 230 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 95 | 78 | 85 | 82 | 71 |
| HbA1c% | N/A | N/A | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.3 |
| HOMA-IR (Unit) | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 15.8 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 15.1 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 115 | 117 | 115 | 121 | 119 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79 | 74 | 75 | 82 | 78 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml): (28–300 ng/ml), FPG: Fasting Plasma glucose (mg/dl): (70–125 mg/dL), HbA1c (%) HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c: 2.5], Hb (g/dl): 14–17g/dl, SBP (mmHg): Systolic blood pressure: | |||||