27 August 2025
: Case report 
Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease
Lili Miles ABCDEF 1*, Caroline Baughn
ABCDEF 2, Gleidson Messias Silva BD 3, Dorothea L. Douglas ABDE 4, Lei Shao BDEF 1
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.948533
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e948533
Table 3 Comparison of the index case with the clinical, histologic, management and follow-up results of 2 young children with osseus Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD).
| Patient | Clinical presentation | Sites involved | Histologic diagnosis | Treatment | Follow-up results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16-month-old male (index case) | Pain and swelling after twisted the wrist playing with sibling | Right distal radius | Needle biopsy: Osteomyelitis Bone curettage: RDD | Observation due to no residual lesion on image | Disease free, 36 months |
| 24-month-old female []16 | 2-month history of limping and bilateral foot pain | Left cuboid, right calcaneus, hilar lymph nodes and triquetrum | Excisional biopsy of cuboid lesion: RDD | Observation due to the patient is asymptomatic | Disease free, 6 months |
| 17-month-old male []17 | 4-month history of pain and swelling of the left ankle | Left talus | Excisional biopsy: a chronic intraosseous inflammatory process | Observation due to no focal residual disease and no systemic involvement | Disease free, 12 months |