26 March 2026
: Case report 
Management of Pediatric Mandibular Condyle Fracture and Malocclusion Using a Function-Generating Bite Appliance: A Case Report
Management of emergency care, Clinical situation which can not be reproduced for ethical reasons
Eillyn Claudeth Leiva Ramirez AEF 1*, Samuele Avolese BEF 1,2, Alessandro Tortarolo D 1, Teresa Vallelonga F 3, Ingrid Tonni FG 4, Ludovica Nucci F 5, Maria Grazia Piancino BDEF 1DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.949802
Am J Case Rep 2026; 27:e949802
Table 1 Cephalometric analysis: the patient’s pre-treatment cephalometric (cranial structure) data.
| Norm | Pre-treatment data | Difference from the norm | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SpP^GoGn | 20°±5° | 20° | 0 |
| SpP^F | 5°±3° | 11° | +6° |
| SpP^Oc | 8°±3° | 8° | 0 |
| A: Po | 2±3 mm | 6 mm | +4 mm |
| SNA | 82°±2° | 86° | +4° |
| SNB | 80°±2° | 80° | 0 |
| ANB | 2°±2° | 6° | +4° |
| Wits | −1±2 mm | 0 mm | +1 mm |
| Measurement was performed by a skilled operator with more than 10 years’ experience in the field, who was blinded to the purpose of the study. Cephalograms were traced and values measured using custom-made software. SpP^GoGn – angle between the superior maxilla (SpP) and the body of the mandible (GoGn) to evaluate maxillary divergency, according to Schudy []. SpP^F – angle between superior maxilla (SpP) and condyle-or-bital plane (CoOr) []. SpP^Oc – angle between superior maxilla (SpP) and occlusal functional plane (Oc), measured to evaluate the orientation of the occlusal plane []. SNA – sagittal cranial relationship of the maxilla (the relationship in the sagittal plane of the upper maxilla with respect to the cranial base as reference), according to Steiner []. SNB – sagittal cranial relationship of the mandible (the relationship in the sagittal plane of the mandible with respect to the cranial base as reference), according to Steiner []. ANB – sagittal cranial relationship (the relationship in the sagittal plane between the upper maxilla and the mandible with respect to the cranial base as reference), according to Steiner []. A: Po – sagittal maxillary relationship (the relationship in the sagittal plane between the upper maxilla and the mandible, using the upper maxilla as reference bone), according to Schudy []. Wits – Wits appraisal. | |||