Diagnostic Approaches to Adult Cystic Nephroma: Insights From Two Cases

22 April 2026 : Case report Romania

Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease

Madalina Bosoteanu^{AE 1,2}, Raluca Ioana Vodă^{EF 3,4*}, Cristian Ionut Orășanu

^{EF 1,4}, Luana-Andreea Nurla^{EF 5}, Nicolae Ciufu^{BE 6,7}

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.950808

Am J Case Rep 2026; 27:e950808

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Introduction Case Reports Discussion Conclusions References

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Table 3 Imaging differential diagnosis* of cystic renal lesions in the Bosniak III category.

Lesion	Differentiation criteria from cystic nephroma
Hemorrhagic and infected cysts	Complex architecture with the presence of debris and hemorrhage; purulent content shows intense and heterogeneous diffusion restriction on DWI
Cystic RCC	Thickened septa and nodular or solid components within the cystic spaces
Multicystic dysplastic kidney	Non-communicating cysts of variable sizes located at the renal periphery
DWI – diffusion-weighted imaging; RCC – renal cell carcinoma. ^* Non-imaging aspects of differential diagnosis are discussed in the main text.

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