01 August 2026
: Case report 
Continuous Epidural Infusion of Hydroxyethyl Starch for Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Retrospective Case Series
Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease
Xiao-Yan Zhang
ABEF 1,2,3, Qiu-Li Zhang CEF 1,2,3, Ying Liu B 1,2,3, Li-Jie Zhu B 1,2,3, Ying-Zhi Li B 1,2,3, Xi-Ying Ye F 4, Zhong-Jun Zhang ACD 4*, Yao-Xian Zhang ACD 1,2,3
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.953129
Am J Case Rep 2026; 27:e953129
Table 2 Infusion rate of HES and ICP average values per day in epidural HES infusion therapy.
| Case | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | |||
| HES infusion rate (mL/h) | Mean ICP±SD (mmHg) | HES infusion rate (mL/h) | Mean ICP±SD (mmHg) | HES infusion rate (mL/h) | HES infusion rate (mL/h) | |
| After surgery | 1.56±1.38 | 2.45±2.11 | ||||
| Day 1 | 6 | 4.61±0.83 | 6 | 4.29±1.37 | 3 | 3 |
| Day 2 | 6 | 7.10±1.31 | 6 | 4.21±2.11 | 3 | 3 |
| Day 3 | 3 | 8.23±0.64 | 3 | 6.45±3.18 | 3 | 3 |
| Day 4 | 3 | 7.69±1.43 | 6 | 9.07±2.22 | 1 | |
| Day 5 | 1 | 8.55±1.65 | 3 | 7.79±1.96 | 1 | |
| Day 6 | 1 | 15.81±3.94 | ||||
| Day 7 | 1 | 9.12±1.86 | ||||
| Abbreviations: HES, hydroxyethyl starch; ICP, intracranial pressure; SD, standard deviation. | ||||||