24 December 2025
: Case report 
Bronchial Arteriovenous Malformation Detection Prior to Catheter Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Flutter and Fibrillation: A Case Report
Challenging differential diagnosis, Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment, Rare disease, Congenital defects / diseases
Alexandra Arvanitaki
ABDEF 1, Marios Georgios Bantidos EF 1, Theodora Zaglavara BD 2, Lydia Kalogeropoulou CD 2, Athanasios Samaras F 1, Athina Nasoufidou EF 1, Efstratios Karagiannidis E 1, Georgios Stavropoulos B 1, Apostolos Tzikas BF 1, Nikolaos Fragakis AE 1*
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.949879
Am J Case Rep 2025; 26:e949879
Figure 1 Electrocardiogram of paroxysmal anticlockwise re-entry atrial flutter, indicating right isthmus dependenceA “sawtooth” pattern of inverted flutter waves is present in leads II, III; an augmented vector foot and upright flutter waves are present in lead V1 (red circle).