A Rare Case of Non-Prosthetic Aortic Valve Infectious Endocarditis Caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Ricardo Lessa de Castro; Neiberg de Alcantara Lima; Danielli Oliveira da Costa Lino; Thomas Austin Melgar

doi:10.12659/AJCR.923031

21 July 2020 : Case report USA

A Rare Case of Non-Prosthetic Aortic Valve Infectious Endocarditis Caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Rare disease

Ricardo Lessa de Castro^1ABCDEF*, Neiberg de Alcantara Lima^1CDEF, Danielli Oliveira da Costa Lino^2BCDF, Thomas Austin Melgar^1ACDEF

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.923031

Am J Case Rep 2020; 21:e923031

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Table 1. Reported cases of IE.

Author	Age	Risk of IE	Comorbidities	Valve	Prosthetic	Antibiotic	Surgery	Died
This case	19 y	CS, Bicuspid aortic valve	None	Ao	No	Meropenem	Yes	No
Levoy et al. []⁸	6 m	IVC+ calcified MV	Arterial calcification	M	No	Piperacillin-tazobactam+ TMP-SMX+colistin+ meropenem+levofloxacin	No	No
Tea et al. []⁹	67 y	Rheumatic mitral stenosis, asplenia	Asplenia	M	No	Piperacillin-sulbactam+ Imipenem	Yes	NA
Rodrigues et al. []¹⁰	86 y	None	IHD, lung fibrosis, CKD, plymyalgia	Ao	No	Piperacillin-tazobactam+ TMP-SMX	No	No
Derber et al. []¹¹	54 y	PV+ Fallot’s T	Fallot’s T	P	Yes	Piperacillin-tazobactam+ Imipenem-Cilastatin Levofloxacin	Yes	No
Kumar et al. []¹³	54 y	NA	CKD, CRF, H	M+Ao	No	Vancomycin+piperacillin-tazobactam+gentamicin	Yes	NA
Rafael et al. []¹⁴	50 y	CS	VSDR	P+RVOT	No	NA	Yes	No
Sawant et al. []¹⁵	62 y	PV+PM	AF, CHF, COPD, CKD	M+Ao+PM	Yes/No/–	Piperacillin-tazobactam+ TMP-SMX+amikacin+ meropenem+rifampicin	Yes	No
Tokuyasu et al. []¹⁶	86 y	PV	NA	Ao	Yes	Carbapenem	No	Yes
Store et al. []¹⁷	79 y	None	H, AF, TIA	M+Ao	No	Meropenem	No	Yes
Malek-Marín et al. []¹⁸	50 y	Catheter	CKD	NA	–	NA	Yes	Yes
Ahmed et al. []¹⁹	69 y	PV	DM, H, CKD, CABG	M+Ao	No/Yes	Ertapenem+Tigecycline+ TMP-SMX	Yes	Yes
van Hal et al. []²⁰	37 y	PV+IDU	NA	Ao	Yes	Carbapenem	Yes	No
Yang et al. []²¹	35 y	IDU+TR+MP	Hepatitis C	T	No	Piperacillin-tazobactam+ Amikacin+Ceftazidime	Yes	NA
Nanuashvili et al. []²²	46 y	None	DM, Emphysema, IS	M+Ao	No	Ampicillin+Sulbactam+ Cotrimoxazole	Yes	No
Ahn et al. []²³	35 y	CS+PM	VSDR, CHB with PM	PM+RVOT	–	Ceftazidime+Amikacin	Yes	No
Martino et al. []²⁴	33 y	IVC	Bone marrow transplant	NA	–	Aztreonam+Amikacin	No	Yes
Davis et al. []²⁵	30 y	NA	HF	NA	–	None	No	Yes
Lofgren et al. []²⁶	77 y	PV	Rheumatic dis.+ PV	M+Ao	No/Yes	Tobramycin+Carbenicillin+ TMP-SMX+Moxalactam	No	Yes
Bhattarai et al. []²⁷	37 y	IDU+PV	NA	M	Yes	Meropenem	Yes	No
Olson et al. []²⁸	35 y	Aortic surgery+PV	NA	Ao	Yes	Carbenicillin+ TMP-SMX+ Rifampicin+ Moxalactam+Azlocillin	No	Yes
AF – atrial fibrillation; Ao – aortic; CABG – coronary artery bypass grafting; CHB – complete heart block; CHF – congestive heart failure; CKD – chronic kidney disease; COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CS – cardiac surgery; DM – diabetes mellitus; H – hypertension; HF – heart failure; IDU – intravenous drug user; IHD – ischemic heart disease; IS – ischemic stroke; IVC – intravenous catheter; M – mitral; NA – not available; P – pulmonary; PM – pacemaker; PV – prosthetic valve; RVOT – right ventricular outflow tract; T – tricuspid; TIA – transient ischemic accident; TMP-SMX – trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; TR – tricuspid regurgitation; VSDR – ventricular septal defect repair.

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A Rare Case of Non-Prosthetic Aortic Valve Infectious Endocarditis Caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans

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