17 May 2021
: Case report 
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis with Serum Anti-Thyroid Antibodies: A Case Report and Literature Review
Challenging differential diagnosis, Diagnostic / therapeutic accidents, Management of emergency care, Unexpected drug reaction, Rare disease, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)
Emilia Matera1ADEF*, Alessandra Gabellone1BF, Maria Giuseppina Petruzzelli2D, Lucia Marzulli1F, Flora Furente1DF, Lucia Margari1ADOI: 10.12659/AJCR.931104
Am J Case Rep 2021; 22:e931104
Table 1. Literature review on anti-NMDArE cases with serum anti-Thy Abs.
| Authors | Type of study | Patients (Number, sex, age in years) | Abs (type and serum level) | Therapy | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuzun E et al (2011) []26 | Research article | 2, F, 37 and 53 | TPO and TG >200 IU/mL | Steroids+ IVIG or PLEX or Cyclophosphamide | Neurological improvement with return to work and daily activities |
| De Leu N et al (2012) []27 | Case report | 1, F, 16 | TPO >600 IU/mL | Methylprednisolone+ thyroidectomy | After 3 days of corticoid administration, gradual and complete neurological relapse |
| Lu J et al (2015) []28 | Case report | 1, F, 36 | TPO 585 IU/mL | Methylprednisolone+ prednisone + PLEX | Improvement of psychosis and hypersexuality. At about 5 months, recurrence of Graves’ disease (treated with Methimazole and radioactive iodine ablation) and subjective memory impairment |
| Jung Y et al (2016) []29 | Case report | 1, F, 70 | TPO >3000 IU/mLTG 92.52 IU/mL | Steroids+ IVIG+ Rituximab | Gradual improvement of confusional mentality and psychiatric symptoms. After 12 months complete resolution of the symptoms |
| Zhang W et al (2017) []30 | Research article | 1, F, 18 | TPO 58.43 IU/mL TG 920.33 IU/mL | Methylprednisolone+ IVIG | Partial recovery of psychological and behavioral disorders (mRS score: 4) after 10 months |
| Wang X et al (2018) []31 | Case report | 1, F, 20 | TPO and TG (no data on serum levels) | Steroids+ IVIG | Marked improvement of mental status without motor or behavioral abnormality |
| F – Female patient; TPO – thyroperoxidase antibodies; TG – thyroglobulin antibodies; IVIG – intravenous immunoglobulins; PLEX – plasmapheresis. | |||||