Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection Associated with COVID-19: A Case Series and Literature Review

Kazuhiro Ishikawa; Tomoaki Nakamura; Fujimi Kawai; Yuki Uehara; Nobuyoshi Mori

doi:10.12659/AJCR.936889

19 July 2022 : Case report Japan

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection Associated with COVID-19: A Case Series and Literature Review

Challenging differential diagnosis, Management of emergency care, Patient complains / malpractice, Rare disease, Adverse events of drug therapy, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis)

Kazuhiro Ishikawa^1ABCDEF*, Tomoaki Nakamura

^2BCD, Fujimi Kawai^3F, Yuki Uehara^1456DE, Nobuyoshi Mori^1AD

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.936889

Am J Case Rep 2022; 23:e936889

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Background Case Reports Discussion Conclusions References:

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Table 4. Literature review of COVID-19-associated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia + cases at our hospital.

No	Case reference	Age	Sex	Publisheddate/country	Diagnosis/complications	Underlying diseases	Ward
1	Su XW []¹⁹	72	Male	2020/USA	VAP/Guillain-Barré syndrome	HTN, CAD, alcohol abuse	ICU
2	Mohamed AM []²⁰	64	Male	2020/USA	VAP	DM, HTN, ESRD, post-renal transplant recipient taking TAC, MMF and PSL 5 mg/day	ICU
3	Zachary P []²¹	60s	Male	2021/USA	VAP, bacteremia/septic shock, MOF, myopericarditis	Asthma, hyperlipidemia, elevated BMI	N/A
4	Vikas P []²²	55	Male	2021/USA	VAP/ARDS, pneumothorax	No	ICU
5	Nicole N []²³	51	Male	2021/Lebanon	VAP, bacteremia/bacterial pneumonia	hemodialysis, Von Hippel-Lindau disease, renal cell carcinoma leading to bilateral nephrectomy and adrenalectomy, cystadenoma of the pancreas, DM, HTN, CAD	ICU
6	Miraç Öz []²⁴	61	Male	2020/Turkey	VAP	COPD, bronchiectasis, previous TB, bilateral upper lobectomies nearly 30 years ago. tracheostomy and had been ventilating with a home-type of mechanical ventilator for two years	ICU
7	David D []²⁵	71	Male	2021/Iran	VAP	Hodgkin’s lymphoma	ICU
8	Velamakanni S []²⁶	70	Female	2021/USA	VAP	HTN, PAD, COPD	ICU
9	Our case	52	Female	2021/Japan	VAP, bacteremia/CAPA	SLE, RA, IP, LC	ICU
10	Our case	79	Male	2021/Japan	VAP	dementia	ICU
11	Our case	80	Male	2021/Japan	VAP/CAPA, candidemia	HTN. post-CABG	ICU
12	Our case	48	Male	2021/Japan	VAP	Af, DM, HTN, obesity	ICU
Contamination
No	Case reference	Age	Sex	Publisheddate/country	Diagnosis/complications	Underlying diseases	Ward
1	Our case	64	Male	2020/Japan		Post-AVR, hyperlipidemia, Af	ICU
2	Our case	85	Female	2020 Japan		Af, DM, distal radius fracture	ICU
3	Our case	79	Male	2020/Japan		TB, DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia	ICU
4	Our case	52	Female	2021/Japan		HTN	ICU
No	Case reference	Mechanical intubation	COVID-19 treatment	Antibiotics prior to S. maltophilia infection	Specimen	S. maltophilia treatment	Outcome	Other pathogen
1	Su XW []¹⁹	Yes	N/A	No	Sputum	TMP-SMX	Under treatment	N/A
2	Mohamed AM []²⁰	Yes	HCQ, AZM, mPSL 60 mg/kg	CFPM	Sputum	TMP-SMX→ LVFX due to AKI	Death	N/A
3	Zachary P []²¹	Yes	Steroid (N/A), DEXA	MEPM	Sputum, blood	TMP-SMX	Death	N/A
4	Vikas P []²²	Yes	Tocilizumab, RDV	N/A	N/a	N/A	Cured	N/A
5	Nicole N []²³	Yes	AZM, HCQ, hydrocortisone 50 mg QID, Tocilizumab	MEPM	Sputum	LVFX+CAZ	Cured	N/A
6	Miraç Öz []²⁴	Yes	HCQ, AZM, Favipiravir	MEPM	Sputum	Colistin+FOM	Cured
7	David D []²⁵	Yes	N/A	N/A	Sputum	TMP-SMX	Cured	N/A
8	Velamakanni S []²⁶	Yes	HCQ, Sarilumab	CTRX	Sputum	LVFX	Cured	no
9	Our case	Yes	RDV, BARI, mPSL (including mPSL pulse)	MEPM	Sputum, blood	TMP-SMX	Under treatment	no
10	Our case	Yes	RDV, DEXA, AZM	PIPC/TAZ	Sputum	LVFX	Cured
11	Our case	Yes	RDV, BARI, DEXA	MEPM	Sputum	LVFX+MINO due to AKI	Death
12	Our case	Yes/ECMO	RDV, DEXA, mPSL (including mPSL pulse)	PIPC/TAZ+VCM	Sputum	TMP-SMX	Under treatment
Contamination
No	Case reference	Mechanical intubation	COVID-19 treatment	Antibiotics prior to S. maltophilia infection	Specimen	S. maltophilia treatment	Outcome	Other pathogen
1	Our case	No	CTRX, MINO, LPV/RTV	CFPM	Sputum		Cured
2	Our case	Post-intubation	CFPM, MINO, Favipiravir, mPSL	MEPM	Sputum		Cured
3	Our case	Yes	CTRX, favipiravir, mPSL	CAZ+TOB	Blood at autopsy		Death
4	Our case	Yes/ECMO	CTRX, AZM, RDV, DEXA	PIPC/TAZ+VCM	Blood at autopsy		Death	Mold

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infection Associated with COVID-19: A Case Series and Literature Review

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