Background: Leprosy can now be treated and cured. Notwithstanding, the stigma of leprosy still leads to delayed presentation, and reduced index of suspicion of coexistent disorders.Case Report: A 32 year old woman, previously treated for leprosy, developed gross facial swelling and ulceration with left proptosis and endophthalmitis due to corneal exposure. Incomplete resolution followed antibiotic treatment. Surgical management comprised debridement, left evisceration and biopsy of a medial orbital mass. Histopathology revealed squamous carcinoma extending from the left maxillary antrum.Conclusions: Both patients and doctors may erroneously ascribe many medical disorders to a prior diagnosis of leprosy. This case highlights that secondary infection is sometimes correctly attributable to leprosy, but may also result from additional unrelated pathology.

Keywords: secondary infection, neglect, delayed diagnosis, Leprosy, Malignancy, stigma