Background: Reports of massive hemoptysis during the cardiopulmonary bypass in the prdiatric patient have been infrequent. This complication is an uncommon but life-threatening clinical condition. Case Report: A male baby with tetralogy of Fallot underwent one-stage correction at the age of 1 year. During weaning of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), he showed a massive hemoptysis. Because in the patient presented bleeding did not stop with the conventional treatment, and the patient could not to be weaned from CPB, we decided to treat with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patient was successfully weaned from ECMO support on the 8th postoperative day, and was extubated on the 22th postoperative day. Conclusions: Despite the necessary need for anticoagulation, ECMO may be beneficial to treat severe pulmonary hemorrhage in infants.

Keywords: Tetralogy of Fallot, Hemoptysis, ECMO