Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) – acute inflammatory polyneuropathy – occures in all parts of the world and in all seasons. It affects children and adults of all ages and both sexes [1]. GBS is often found in the neurological field [1,2,3], however the syndrome associated with acute renal failure (ARF) is rare [4,5]. We present first to our knowledge case of GBS preceded by acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) – ARF with predominately interstitial inflammation [6]. Case Report: We report a case of 42-year-old man who developed symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) 5 days after acute renal failure (ARF) occured. 3 weeks prior to admission the patient had suffered from mild respiratory tract infection. 4 days prior to admission lion pain occured and patient had been taking high doses of Saridon (1 tab. contains: 150 mg of Propyphenazone, 250 mg of Paracetamol, 50 mg of Caffeine). Renal biopsy showed acute interstitial nephritis. Although both hemodialyses and plasmaphereses were performed no clinical improvement was observed. Therefore 5 doses of Methylprednisolone every second day were administrated. Gradual but slow regression of both GBS and ARF were noted. 55 days after admission the patient recovered sufficiently to stand and walk without assistance. Conclusions: In reported case both GBS and AIN might been caused by the same unidentified infectious factor. On the other hand, AIN could been related with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, and fact that GBS and AIN occured almost at the same time was a coincidence.

Keywords: acute inflammatory polyneurophaty, acute interstitial nephritis, acute renal failure, Guillain-Barre Syndrome