A clinical picture of atypical pneumonia in 5 children, caused by coincident infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae is presented. The etiology of pneumonia was determined on the basis of positive results of complement with Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen binding reaction and detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae antigens in pharyngeal swabs (direct immunoflurescence). The presence of IgM class anti-Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in the serum was confirmed in one case. The course of the disease was severe, with fever, intensive cough, abdominal pains and no therapeutic effect after the administration of b-lactam antibiotics and short azalid therapy. Chest X-ray revealed extensive interstitial inflammatory lesions in the lungs; hilar lymph node enlargement was observed in 50% of cases. The children were treated with a therapy combining antibiotics and cefalosporins for 10-14 days.

Keywords: atypical pneumonia, double infection, chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, children