Appropriate qualitative and quantitative composition of gastrointestinal tract bacterial flora exerts multidirectional, favorable effect on human organism. Qualitative and/or quantitative disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract ecosystem, referred to as intestinal dysbacteriosis may be due to different causal factors, among which antibiotic therapy is of primary importance. High rate of antibiotic absorption in the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract minimizes its effect on the physiological bacterial flora and duration of direct exposure of sensitive intestinal endothelial structures to the drug, thus reducing the risk of side effects.

Keywords: bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract, dysbacteriosis, antibiotic therapy